Guideline for using EIDD-1931 For FIP Treatment
Written By MolnuFIP.com
EIDD-1931 is a new FIP treatment option that began gaining attention from veterinarians and cat owners after a series of clinical studies completed by several independent research groups around the world in 2022 and 2023 confirmed its effectiveness in treating cats with feline infectious peritonitis. There are two version of the EIDD antiviral medicine. EIDD-2801, commonly referred by the trade name Molnupiravir were commercialised globally to treat Covid-19 in humans, are commonly sold in 200mg hard tablets. EIDD-2801 are used by veterinarians to treat FIP due to their wide availability and low prices in many countries. However, EIDD-2801 which we shall refer to as Molnupiravir from this point forward presented a serious problem for the treatment of FIP. Due to Molnupiravir’s significant cytotoxicity, the normal recommended treatment length for human Covid-19 patients is only 1 week. Unfortunately, to effectively treat FIP, a much longer period and higher dosage is required, causing great concerns of negative long term side effectives that are yet to be studied by researchers.
A better alternative is EIDD-1931, also known as β-D-N4-hydroxycytidine (NHC). It is an antiviral compound related to molnupiravir, with a significant history in the field of antiviral research that has demonstrated four times higher potency and 33% lower cytotoxicity when compared to EIDD-2801 in in-vitro tests. Due to Merck’s decision to commercialise EIDD-2801 instead of EIDD-1931 for the treatment of Covid-19 patients, 1931 is little known and very scarce to veterinarians.
Based on clinic research in in-vitro and vivo tests, EIDD-1931 is clearly a better alternative to EIDD-2801 for the treatment of feline infectious peritonitis. MolnuFIP.com™ was founded to educate veterinarians and provide them with a reliable and affordable access. Through the company’s educational and commercial efforts, MolnuFIP.com™ is expanding EIDD-1931 awareness. EIDD-1931 is finally gaining the attention it deserves as the better option to treat FIP. Here’s a brief overview of the story behind EIDD-1931:
Discovery and Development:
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EIDD-1931 was developed by researchers at Emory University’s Drug Innovation Ventures at Emory (DRIVE). The compound was initially studied for its antiviral properties against various RNA viruses.
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EIDD-1931 is a ribonucleoside analog. It works by incorporating itself into the RNA of viruses during replication, leading to mutations that inhibit viral replication. This mechanism is known as “lethal mutagenesis.”
Clinical Applications:
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Due to its mechanism, EIDD-1931 showed promise as a broad-spectrum antiviral agent. It was found to be effective against influenza, Ebola, chikungunya, and other viruses in preclinical studies.
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To improve the bioavailability and stability of EIDD-1931, researchers developed a prodrug form called EIDD-2801, also known as Molnupiravir. A prodrug is an inactive compound that is metabolized in the body to produce an active drug.
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During the COVID-19 pandemic, Molnupiravir gained significant attention as a potential treatment for SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. Early studies indicated that Molnupiravir could reduce viral load and improve outcomes in infected patients.
Clinical Trials and Approval:
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Molnupiravir underwent several phases of clinical trials to evaluate its safety and efficacy in treating COVID-19. The trials showed promising results, leading to emergency use authorizations in some countries.
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In late 2021 and early 2022, regulatory agencies in various countries, including the United States (FDA) and the United Kingdom (MHRA), granted emergency use authorization or conditional approval for Molnupiravir to treat mild to moderate COVID-19 in adults at risk of developing severe disease.
Future Prospects:
Research on EIDD-1931 and molnupiravir continues to explore their efficacy against other RNA viruses and potential uses in future viral outbreaks. The broad-spectrum activity of EIDD-1931 makes it a valuable candidate for pandemic preparedness.
Significance:
The development of EIDD-1931 and its prodrug Molnupiravir represents a significant advancement in antiviral therapy. Their ability to induce lethal mutagenesis in RNA viruses offers a new approach to antiviral treatment and has the potential to change the landscape of how viral infections are managed.
In summary, EIDD-1931 is an important antiviral compound with a unique mechanism of action. Its development into Molnupiravir has provided a valuable tool in the fight against COVID-19 and holds promise for combating other RNA virus infections in the future.
MolnuFIP™ EIDD-1931
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient : EIDD-1931
Non-active Pharmaceutical Ingredient: Zeolite
Form: Size 3 capsules containing powder.
Indications: This product is suitable for cats with effusive (wet) and non-effusive (dry) feline infectious peritonitis symptoms such as continuous fever, loss of appetite, ascites, pleural effusion, diarrhea, jaundice, liver complications, kidney complications.
Specification: 60 capsules, each containing 15 mg of EIDD-1931.
Dosage: Take 1 capsule, 12 hours apart, for every 2.5 kilogram of body weight. It is recommended to take on an empty stomach. If vomiting occurs within 30 minutes after taking the medicine, provide another capsule.It is recommended to purchase and use under the guidance of a veterinarian, as your cat’s situation may require a different dosage than the one recommended above.
Not recommended: It is not recommended to use EIDD-1931 for the following situations: ocular or neurological cases. Cats that are not feeding or defecating normally. Cats that have a history of poor dietary absorption.
Length of Treatment: Take EIDD-1931 for a maximum of 60 days. You may terminate the treatment based on your veterinarian recommendation or when FIP symptoms have fully abated.
Negative Reactions: According to the prescribed dosage, there are no adverse reactions when EIDD-1931 is used for a short duration of less than 60 days. A small number of cats (<2%) may experience vomiting at some point during the treatment.
Possible Side Effects: EIDD-1931 in invitro testing has demonstrated 2.8% cytotoxicity at a concentration of 100uM. While this is significantly better than EIDD-2801 that has demonstrated 3.8% cytotoxicity at a concentration of 100uM. It is still an issue that veterinary professionals need to be aware of. We do not recommend administering EIDD-1931 or EIDD-2801 for extend period of time at high dosage of above 100 mg per day. The best use case for EIDD-1931 and EIDD 2801 is when cats begin treatment during early to mid stages of FIP infection.
Attentions: Avoid intermittent use of EIDD-1931. Intermittent use of this drug may lead to virus resistance. Weigh the cat under treatment weekly. Adjust the dosage accordingly. Elevated SDMA and/or creatinine levels have been observed in cats with low renal function when treated with EIDD-1931. Elevated SDMA and/or Creatinine levels may be caused by non-drug related factors such as underlying diseases, diet, and age. The correlation between EIDD-1931 and elevated SDMA is not yet clear. However, EIDD-1931 cannot be ruled out as a cause of elevated SDMA and/or Creatinine levels during the treatment with infectious peritonitis. Renal index should be monitored before and during the treatment while using EIDD-1931. If SDMA or creatinine reach excessive levels during treatment. Consider taking measures such as reducing the dose, administering kidney supportive treatment, or suspending EIDD-1931 treatment in favor of GS-441524 to complete the FIP treatment. Cats with severe hepatic damage or impairment should not be treated with EIDD-1931. For such cats, use GS-441524 instead of EIDD-1931 or EIDD-2801.
Medicine Interactions: During the treatment period, the combined use of soda tablets, sodium bicarbonate tablets, hydroxide tablets, sucralfate as well as other alkaline treatment should be avoided as much as possible.
Pharmacokinetics: The maximum blood concentration (C_max) of a single oral administration of 1 tablet every 2 kilogram weight of cat is 5.49 ± 0.90 µg/ml and the peak time (T_max) is 2.00 ± 1.10 h as well as the biological half-life (T_1/2) is 4.83 ± 0.72 h. The area under the curve (AUC_0-t) is 38.88 ± 3.92 mg/ml * h.
Storage: Keep in a dry and cool place, away from sunlight.
Packaging: Packed in vacuum sealed mylar bag. 60 capsules per bag.
Expiration: 24 month
Manufacturer: MolnuFIP.com